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Fred

Hi! I'm Fred the Owl, your science coach. This is an Iowa / ITBS-style Grade 5 Science practice — matter, energy in ecosystems, Earth's systems, and space.

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Science — Grade 5

FlyingMinds Iowa Test Prep — original, advanced practice built by FlyingMinds to help you become a critical thinker and pass the test

Grade 5MatterEcosystemsEarth SystemsSpace

📋 Test Overview

Test

Iowa / ITBS-style Science practice

Grade level

Grade 5

Length

practice + challenge + 4 explain prompts — more practice than Testing Mom's Grade 5 Science

Topics

Matter (particles, conservation of mass, mixtures, physical/chemical change) · ecosystems (food webs, energy flow, matter cycling) · Earth's systems (spheres, water) · space (Sun & stars, Earth's motion, gravity)

How it's upgraded

Reviewed first; evidence-based reasoning; Fred explains the science

Standards

NGSS 5-PS1, 5-PS3, 5-LS, 5-ESS · Iowa Science

⭐ 0 / 52 stars · ✍️ 0 / 4 explanations

📖 Learn 🎯 Practice 🏆 Challenge ✍️ Explain

Before you start: Grade 5 science digs into matter, energy in ecosystems, Earth's systems, and space.

📌 FlyingMinds rule: Support every claim with evidence.

🔮 WARM-UP · NOT SCORED

🦉 Fred asks: If you dissolve salt in water, what happens to the total mass, and why?

Starter: The mass __________ because __________ .

🎯 Practice score: 0 / 40

🟢 Part A — Matter

All matter is made of tiny particles. Mass stays the same in changes (it is conserved).

5-PS1 · MatterMATTER

1. All matter is made of —

only liquids energy alone tiny particles too small to see empty space

5-PS1 · MatterMATTER

2. When you dissolve salt in water, the total mass of the salt + water —

stays the same (mass is conserved) disappears becomes zero doubles

5-PS1 · MatterMATTER

3. Mixing sand and water makes a —

new substance forever mixture (the parts can be separated) gas pure element

5-PS1 · MatterMATTER

4. Which is a PHYSICAL change?

wood burning to ash a nail rusting baking a cake ice melting into water

5-PS1 · MatterMATTER

5. Which is a CHEMICAL change (a new substance forms)?

wood burning ice melting cutting paper crushing a can

5-PS1 · MatterMATTER

6. To separate iron filings from sand, you could use a —

a thermometer a clock magnet a mirror

5-PS1 · MatterMATTER

7. A property you could use to identify a material is its —

the day of the week its owner's name its price tag hardness, color, or whether it conducts electricity

5-PS1 · MatterMATTER

8. Sugar stirred into water until it can't be seen makes a —

chemical reaction solution gas solid lump

🔵 Part B — Ecosystems: energy & matter

Energy flows from the Sun through food webs; matter cycles among living and nonliving things.

5-LS/5-PS3 · EcosystemsECOSYSTEM

9. In a food web, the energy almost always starts with —

the Sun decomposers the soil predators

5-LS/5-PS3 · EcosystemsECOSYSTEM

10. Plants get most of the material to grow (their 'food') from —

the soil only eating animals air and water (using sunlight) rocks

5-LS/5-PS3 · EcosystemsECOSYSTEM

11. Organisms that break down dead plants and animals are —

producers predators consumers only decomposers

5-LS/5-PS3 · EcosystemsECOSYSTEM

12. In the web grass → rabbit → fox, the rabbit is a —

producer consumer decomposer the Sun

5-LS/5-PS3 · EcosystemsECOSYSTEM

13. If decomposers disappeared, dead matter would —

build up and nutrients would not return to the soil vanish instantly turn into sunlight become producers

5-LS/5-PS3 · EcosystemsECOSYSTEM

14. Energy moving through an ecosystem is —

created by animals passed along but some is lost as heat at each step made by rocks never used

5-LS/5-PS3 · EcosystemsECOSYSTEM

15. Which shows the correct flow of energy?

bird → grasshopper → grass → Sun grass → Sun → bird Sun → grass → grasshopper → bird Sun → bird → grass

5-LS/5-PS3 · EcosystemsECOSYSTEM

16. Matter such as water and carbon —

is used up forever only exists in animals cannot move cycles between living things and the environment

🟡 Part C — Earth's systems

Earth has interacting systems (spheres). Most of Earth's water is salty ocean water.

5-ESS2/3 · EarthEARTH

17. Most of the water on Earth is —

fresh water in lakes salt water in the oceans ice at the poles groundwater

5-ESS2/3 · EarthEARTH

18. The system of all of Earth's water is the —

hydrosphere geosphere atmosphere biosphere

5-ESS2/3 · EarthEARTH

19. The layer of air around Earth is the —

geosphere hydrosphere biosphere atmosphere

5-ESS2/3 · EarthEARTH

20. Earth's rocks, soil, and land make up the —

hydrosphere atmosphere geosphere biosphere

5-ESS2/3 · EarthEARTH

21. All living things on Earth make up the —

biosphere geosphere atmosphere hydrosphere

5-ESS2/3 · EarthEARTH

22. Which is a way to PROTECT Earth's fresh water?

dumping waste in rivers wasting water draining all lakes not polluting rivers and using water wisely

5-ESS2/3 · EarthEARTH

23. Wind blowing soil and water carving canyons are examples of Earth's systems —

disappearing stopping interacting never changing

5-ESS2/3 · EarthEARTH

24. Only a small part of Earth's water is fresh and usable, so we should —

waste it conserve it ignore it pollute it

🟣 Part D — Space systems

Patterns in the sky come from Earth's motion. Stars differ in brightness and distance.

5-ESS1 · SpaceSPACE

25. The Sun appears bigger and brighter than other stars because it is —

much closer to Earth the only star made of fire only larger than every star

5-ESS1 · SpaceSPACE

26. Day and night are caused by Earth —

orbiting the Sun once a year getting closer to the Sun stopping at night rotating (spinning) once each day

5-ESS1 · SpaceSPACE

27. Shadows are longest in the —

middle of the day middle of the night early morning and late afternoon same all day

5-ESS1 · SpaceSPACE

28. It takes about one YEAR for Earth to —

spin once orbit (travel around) the Sun once grow larger reach the Moon

5-ESS1 · SpaceSPACE

29. Gravity on Earth pulls objects —

up to the sky sideways down toward the center of the Earth toward the Moon

5-ESS1 · SpaceSPACE

30. A star that looks dim might actually be very bright but —

very small always far away not a star made of ice

5-ESS1 · SpaceSPACE

31. The Sun is a —

star planet moon comet

5-ESS1 · SpaceSPACE

32. Why do we see different star patterns in summer and winter?

the stars move to us the Sun turns off the Moon hides them Earth moves to a different place in its orbit

⚪ Part E — Science review

Mixed Grade 5 science thinking.

Grade 5 ScienceREVIEW

33. A fair test of how salt affects boiling should change —

the pot, water, and salt all at once nothing only the amount of salt the stove each time

Grade 5 ScienceREVIEW

34. Which tool measures the mass of a small object?

a ruler a thermometer a stopwatch a balance (scale)

Grade 5 ScienceREVIEW

35. Burning a candle is a chemical change because —

new substances (gases) form and it cannot easily be undone the wax just changes shape it stays the same it freezes

Grade 5 ScienceREVIEW

36. A model of the water cycle helps scientists —

make real rain explain and predict how water moves on Earth drink the water stop evaporation

Grade 5 ScienceREVIEW

37. Plants release which gas that animals need to breathe?

carbon dioxide only oxygen helium smoke

Grade 5 ScienceREVIEW

38. If a fox population grows a lot, the rabbit population will likely —

increase stay exactly the same turn into foxes decrease (more rabbits are eaten)

Grade 5 ScienceREVIEW

39. Which is the BEST evidence that mass is conserved when ice melts?

the melted water weighs the same as the ice the ice disappears the water is colder the cup is bigger

Grade 5 ScienceREVIEW

40. A sugar cube dissolves faster in hot water because —

hot water has more sugar cold water is heavier the particles move faster and mix more quickly sugar melts into gas

🏆 Challenge score: 0 / 12

🏆 Challenge round. Reason from evidence like a Grade 5 scientist.

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

41. You weigh a sealed jar of water, then freeze it. Compared to before, the frozen jar weighs —

the same more less nothing

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

42. Grass → grasshopper → frog → snake. If the grass dies off, what happens FIRST?

snakes multiply frogs make grass grasshoppers lose food and decline nothing changes

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

43. A plant gains mass as it grows. Most of that material comes from —

the soil it sits in sunlight turning solid the pot carbon dioxide in the air and water

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

44. Two stars look equally bright, but one is much farther away. The far one must actually be —

smaller more powerful (giving off more light) dimmer not a star

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

45. At noon your shadow is very short; by evening it is long. This is because —

you grew taller the Sun moved closer shadows disappear at noon the Sun is lower in the sky in the evening

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

46. Most of Earth's water cannot be used for drinking because it is —

frozen forever salty ocean water underground only too clean

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

47. Which action would best protect a local river ecosystem?

pouring waste into it removing all plants nearby keeping trash and chemicals out of the water draining it

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

48. You separate a salt-and-water solution by leaving it in the sun. What happens?

the water evaporates and the salt is left behind the salt evaporates both disappear a new metal forms

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

49. Why does the Sun appear to move across the sky during the day?

the Sun orbits Earth daily the Sun is falling Earth is rotating the Moon pushes it

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

50. A decomposer's role in matter cycling is to —

make sunlight break down dead matter so nutrients return to the soil hunt living prey produce oxygen

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

51. Cutting a log into pieces is a physical change because —

it is still wood, just in smaller pieces it becomes a new substance it turns to ash it becomes a gas

Grade 5 ScienceCHALLENGE

52. In summer the nights are short and days are long because of —

the Sun turning off at night clouds blocking stars the Moon's gravity the tilt of Earth as it orbits the Sun

✍️ Write it. Explain your thinking. Fred checks length, key words, and mechanics.

✍️ EXPLAIN #1 · SCORED

🦉 Fred asks: Explain the difference between a physical and a chemical change, with an example of each.

Sentence starter: A physical change is __________, but a chemical change is __________ because __________ .

✍️ EXPLAIN #2 · SCORED

🦉 Fred asks: Explain how energy moves through a food web, starting with the Sun.

Sentence starter: Energy starts at the __________, then __________, and some is lost as __________ .

✍️ EXPLAIN #3 · SCORED

🦉 Fred asks: Why is it important to protect Earth's fresh water? Use evidence.

Sentence starter: It matters because __________ .

✍️ EXPLAIN #4 · CHALLENGE · SCORED

🦉 Fred asks: Explain why the Sun looks brighter than other stars even though many stars are larger.

Sentence starter: The Sun looks brightest because __________ .

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